Gout is a common form of inflammatory arthritis, characterized by acute but sporadic episodes of synovitis along with joint swelling and pain (acute gouty arthritis). It is a metabolic disorder caused by excess uric acid in the body. The excess uric acid or hyperuricemia forms tiny needle-shaped crystals that are deposited in the synovial fluid, bones, tendons, cartilage, bursas, or other sites, which can trigger an acute inflammatory attack. The inflammation usually subsides within one or two weeks, and the pain can be managed by taking anti-inflammatory medications. Factors contributing to the development of gout include lifestyle factors such as the intake of certain high-purine foods, alcohol consumption, and obesity. Fluid balance between the joints, joint temperature, and the acidity level of the joint fluid may also influence the development of gout. In some individuals, acute gout flares become more frequent and severe, and eventually progress to chronic gout. Furthermore, in certain patients, the urate crystals deposited will grow into tophi. 

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